Project /programme planning Guidance manual 6 > 2.1 The project/programme cycle There is a range of models that can be used to implement a results-based approach. Focus on: Content: Context: Time horizon: Short term: Long term: Concerned with A Girl's Guide to Project Management is a blog for project, programme and portfolio managers and project delivery professionals. Study Up With Our Official SCRABBLE Dictionary. Programmes are usually long term, sometimes spanning years, and don’t have a fixed deadline. In practice and in its aims, program management is often closely related to systems engineering, industrial engineering, change management, and business transformation. Programme management is the coordinated management of projects and business-as-usual activities to achieve beneficial change. MSP Foundation is suitable for new programme managers to gain the knowledge and skills they need to perform their jobs. Programs are Ongoing, Projects End. For example, the British noun aerogram, referring to a letter sent over air mail, is sometimes spelled aerogramme. Delivered to your inbox! Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. A program implies a set of projects which are linked to one another, in a sequential manner to attain the combined benefits. With program management maturity, an organization’s projects are far more successful than without it — 76 percent compared to 54 percent according to our 2015 Pulse of the Profession ® report. While a program is defined as a predetermined group of projects that are related and are managed as one big task (in order to earn … Successful programmes enable transformational changes for or within an organization. Programmes of privatisation are common sense whereas any attempt to nationalise monopolies is dismissed as pie-in-the-sky utopianism. A program is a group of related projects managed in a coordinated manner to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually. A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken by a company or organization (such as the creation of a new product, service, or result) A program is a group of projects that are similar or related to one another, and which are often managed and coordinated as a group instead of independently To avoid last minute changes, pre-consultation with IES is … Whether he is given a program or a project does not mean much to a layman, but to a manager, it means a lot as both entail different functions and responsibilities that will be clear only when the differences between project and program are elucidated. Overseen by a program manager as opposed to a project manager, program management focuses on how a group of projects affects the organization’s strategic goals and objectives. A project can be a part of a program, but a program cannot be a part of a project. 5. Biden projected 46th President. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Project managers are responsible for the project, the project team, and the outcomes the team is working on. Wonderful Words That You're Not Using (Yet), Set your young readers up for lifelong success. internship program or internship programme, which one is correct? Portfolio is an organizational strategy/thinking to achieve strategic goals. A new privacy regulation is coming into force and a FMCG corporation needs to conform its operations until a certain date. A project without work program, in other words, is a project without target and is about to fail. As the successful person always say “ FAILURE TO PLAN IS A PLAN TO FAIL”. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! Here’s a tip: Want to make sure your writing always looks great? Role Extensions, Free webinars and demo E.g. Let’s say a company wants to build and market a new mobile phone. While projects may be finite, they can vary widely in … They exist to coordinate, direct and oversee implementation of a set of interrelated projects to deliver outcomes and their benefits, which are aligned to an organization’s strategic objectives. Jay on February 16, 2009 2:13 pm. The two are more less equal. One of the first steps when moving from a project (or projects) to a programme is to identify the leaders. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. ProjectManager.com has an award-winning Gantt chart that lets … This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. PM Strategy (Project Manager vs. Programs may include elements of related work outside scope of the discrete projects in the program.” – PMBOK pg 368 This is part of what makes project and program work so interesting – you can alw… In this case we’re going to be building a mobile phone.In our example a software project exists concerned with the operating system of the device – making sure it’s updated so that it works with the new hardware, as well as making updates to some key applications. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Since the 20th century program has also referred to computer code, and in this case both the British and American spellings are the same. — Hannah Devlin, The Guardian, 12 Oct. 2016. A cork board vs. software. They could launch the “Privacy” program in Jira BigPicture and have the project 1 for their operations department, project 2 for R&D, project 3 for aftersales and then several more projects for individual European country markets, all the projects related to the new privacy law and binded into a program. 'Shimmy', 'waltz', & 6 more words from dance. We use "cookies" and related technologies to help identify you and your devices, to operate our site, enhance your experience and conduct advertising and analysis. As project managers look to progress in any organization, they look for opportunity as well as career development. Hybrid, agile-classic organizations might soon dominate the business landscape. However, while projects and programs do have differences, there are some characteristics that are similar to both. To make the difference between projects and programs more concrete let’s look at a practical example of the difference between projects and programs. It's published by Otobos Consultants Ltd, a copywriting and content marketing firm that provides specialist project management materials and advice to small and medium-sized businesses. Undefined cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Scope, schedule, and resources all apply to both programs and projects although the planning is conducted at different levels. A project is focused on creating a unique product, service, or result. For example, the launch of a new product or service may rely on projects running in the sales, marketing, distribution and IT departments, all of which are focuse… Though a project and a program are distinct, the project management tools used to manage them are very similar. Project Program; Meaning: A project refers to the temporary activity, which is undertaken to create a distinct product or service, that has certain objectives. Whereas in. Using Method Grid we have developed a universal Project and Program Management Methodology (PPM) grid. Project and program controls are the cornerstone of a well-organized and efficient plan. The spelling programme survives for the noun in some English forms, but is more likely to be found in publications from some British Commonwealth nations: Many commentators continue to scoff at any signs of progressive ambition. A project may not be part of a program but a program will always consist of projects; including such related works which may not be part of the individual projects. A programme is a framework of related projects aligned in a specific sequence. There is an upper layer called portfolios. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. a written list of the order of a series of activities, events etc. Both words are suitable for many contexts, and are interchangeable with the exception of computer software, when program … The Project Management Institute (PMI) defines program management as: “A group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually. You can however sit the MSP examinations and gain the necessary program management knowledge by attending an MSP course. This results in the same spelling for both variants in the past tense (programmed) and present participle (programming). Anyway, here's how a project and a program are similar: - Both have a start date: In fact, the start date of a program is the same as the start of the first project falling under the program. It comes as no surprise that for a PRINCE project manager using Jira it seems legit to think ‘projects’, not ‘programs’. A project manager takes care of an individual project within the program. A program refers to multiple projects which are managed and delivered as a single package. Documentation Things such as budgets, resources, stocks, and schedules all fall under their remit. This is not always evident and, in certain cases, there are project managers who struggle with the transition and development. What is a ‘program’ for a software developer (technical term), means ~a ‘project’ for a project manager (business term). Whereas a program is a collection of related projects, a project can exist without any program. She wants their modern company to universally use “program” but is meeting resistance from a few people. Programme is a British English spelling variant of program; both refer to an outline in a prescribed order or an agenda, such as a program at a theater. How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe... Can you spell these 10 commonly misspelled words? The Four Dimensions of a Project or Program. Programmes are collections of projects and BAU work that together will deliver an overall goal. Project, Program, and Portfolio Management. Atlassian had put aside the term ‘project’ back in 2000s for ‘a group of tasks’ in Jira. Is Jira a viable PM tool for any industry? — Stuart Derdeyn, The Vancouver Sun, 9 Sept. 2019. Here are four traits that projects and programs have in common. You can read more about these uses in our. They also manage issues, risks, scopes, changes, and members of the team. The word program has a number of meanings in English, most of which refer to an outline or system of things to be followed in a prescribed order. They can include a couple of projects or lots. Purpose of a programme or project team. This methodology grid serves as a complete end-to-end methodological toolbox for the delivery of a multitude of projects and programs. Sep 2020 Programme vs. Nov 2020 A project manager is therefore responsible for ensuring a project delivers on its intended output in line with a defined time frame and budget. IES reviews and clears such in the Direct Approval process and for the approval process of the UNODC Programme Review Committee (PRC). 2018, This last point has been addressed in numerous programs lately, particularly in a powerful scene in the 2019 Netflix Tales of the City miniseries. Technical support, BigPicture product catalog The Project Management Institute has also recognized the value of programme management and recently introduced the Program Management Professional (PgMP®) credential. Further, this resource can serve as a powerful teaching/support aid for those new to the project/program management skillset. Program and programme are different spellings of the same word, reflecting differences in spelling conventions between American and British English. In the UK, 'program' is used as a verb and for anything to do with computers. According to the PMI, “A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product, service or result”. Success Stories, Astrum Business Park These cookies do not store any personal information. — Tom Kibasi, The Guardian, 19 Nov. 2019, The Queen did not give her approval for the Duke of York's BBC interview about his friendship with Jeffrey Epstein. In American English, program is the correct spelling. Both derived from the Greek programma, formed from the prefix pro- ("before") and the verb graphein (“to write”). How does the umbrella software, such as BigPicture 8, make hybridity a reality? Program management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to meet program requirements. With no previous program or project management experience, you cannot apply for the PgMP® qualification. The following are key differences between the two: Time Projects have a start and end date. Program vs Programme Difference between program and programme is very easy to understand though program and programme have become two words that give rise to confusion when it comes to usage. There are certain aspects of running an organization that are controlled and managed at a level above these 3Ps, such as cultural influences, human resource practices and so on. These constraints include, but are not limited to, Scope, Time, Cost, Quality, Risk, and Resources.You can also refer to Max Wideman Glossary to read some other standard definitions of Project. Related: How Program Managers Use Software to Manage Project Portfolios The Difference Between a Program Manager and a Project Manager. Is Jira great for running business projects? 80% of real-life projects are unrelated to each other. A programme is a unique and transient strategic endeavour undertaken to achieve a beneficial change and incorporating a group of … Project vs Program Management Planning. … Simple program / portfolio management – with custom issue types. Project vs Program Management Planning. In the business world there is this project-centric approach to stuff. How to gear Jira for a Construction Business? Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The preliminary programme of the conference is available on our website. Since the 20th century program has also referred to computer code, and in this case both the British and American spellings are the same. 1. But what does it require to progress from project to program management? The good news is that ‘Program’ and ‘Project’ means the same for 80% of Jira users. How to pick a Project management plugin for Jira? Project financial management is focused on spending to budget. - Both have an end date: Although programs tend to be much longer and viewed as … A program manager manages multiple projects, and sometimes multiple programs while a project manager manages the teams responsible for fulfilling the project and achieving its deliverables.. Generally speaking, a program manager has broader … The deadline for applications for the MBA programme is 1 May. So while the role is less tactical or administrative than that of a Project Manager, the stakes are higher as the success of the program as a whole lies on the shoulders of the Program Manager. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. It is important to know that the difference occurs only in the region where the two words are used. A project is a managed initiative of fixed duration, budget and scope. He is responsible for all related projects under one common program. … They exist for a while until the work is done, and then the project or program structure and the team are disbanded. Program. PMBOK GuideProject Management includes, among many other things, balancing the project constraints. Object found in Utah desert, recant BigPicture: SAFe® PI Planning, Partnership Program Project vs programme example. The job focus of the project manager is both narrower and deeper than that of the program manager. This means that running a program is far more complicated than overseeing a single project which means that different skill sets and objectives apply when it comes to managing the overall effort. In the US, 'program' is used for everything. That city or region could have a BigPicture program in place with related projects: project 1 – stadiums, project 2 – new roads, project 3 – marketing, etc. As an industry leader in program management and construction management services for large capital programs, AECOM oversees activities ranging from planning, coordination, scheduling and cost control, to design, construction and commissioning. If you are a Program or Project Administrator Project Coordinator (ANZSCO Code: 511112), you may be eligible for State sponsorship and Australian provisional or permanent visas (subclassess 189 ,190 491, 186 or 494). It appears that programme management, although a concept that has been around for many, many years, is now seeing a greater level of interest in the global community. Program, Programme, Project. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. E.g. BigPicture Enterprise 02-457 Warsaw, Poland, Join the team / Contact a course of study or training etc. All program project managers are accountable to the program manager. All that might make programs seem really different to projects. In PRINCE methodology, for example, things begin with business cases (ideas), then they transform into projects  and then they become products. Olympic Games were awarded to a city in the U.S. That city or region could have a BigPicture program in place with related projects: project 1 – stadiums, project 2 – new roads, project 3 – marketing, etc. A project manager has a … Our Word of the Year 'pandemic,' plus 11 more, monolith When the verb program is shown in its –ed or –ing form, the end consonant is doubled; when programme is shown the same way, the end –e is dropped. The answer is “Yes” – you won’t break the rules since Jira projects mean something quite different than business projects, and I explained that difference in the “rationale” section at the top of the article. Budget planning, management and control is significantly more complex in the context of a program. The two are more less equal. Within our companies, Intel Corporation and Tektronix, Inc., program management focuses on achievement of the intended strategic business results through the coordination of multiple projects. Rather than ending speculation about Prince Andrew's behaviour, the hour-long programme revived the controversy and generated fresh questions about his movements and various "alibis" he gave. internship program or internship programme, which one is correct? Newspapers and other publications originating in Canada tend to use the spelling program in all senses of the word: Seven programs run by Algonquin College at its Perth, Pembroke and Ottawa locations have been suspended because of low enrolment. Since the 20th century program has also referred to computer code, and in this case both the British and American spellings are the same. The British use 'programme' for an agenda, TV show, or collection of projects. The relationship between project, program, and portfolio management can best be described like this: A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken by a company or organization (such as the creation of a new product, service, or result) Program management is very similar to project management, but instead of one project, this discipline involves managing several ongoing projects at once. The Project and Program Management (PPM)grid will be useful for all project and program management practitioners within your organization. The two are more less equal. The Difference Between Product, Program and Project Management. Programme is a British English spelling variant of program; both refer to an outline in a prescribed order or an agenda, such as a program at a theater. This programme would be a collection of different projects, like one for updating the operating system and another for sourcing the resources and raw materials, along … For example, you’d want to plan a project or a program with a Gantt chart. And in the 20th century, program came to mean the set of coded commands that a computer follows. Program. Generally, a program consists of many interrelated projects and hence Project Managers report to Program Managers. A program manager is one who is a program manager for entire programs. The key programme and project monitors, controls and reports are: business case - this effectively describes what the value is to the sponsoring organisation from the outcomes of the programme; managing the business case is about value management of benefits, costs, timescales and risks The focus of programme More. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. David, I would say Internship Programme but then my education was British. The terms product management, program management, and project management are often associated with the software industry – especially product and program management. Since BigPicture offers the Gantt chart (~timeline), and the resource module, among others, it’s legitimate to say that the BigPicture program can function as a business project. Within organization X they could have a project 1, project 2 and project 3. The Project/Programme … If managed as a project it would have only one Project Board. And, a portfolio is a collection of projects and programs that are managed as a group to achieve strategic goals and a business value. Preference cookies are used to store user preferences to provide content that is customized and convenient for the users, like the language of the website or the location of the visitor. The computing sense of program is spelled the same way in both American and British English: Google scientists have created a computer program that uses basic reasoning to learn to navigate the London Underground system by itself. Let’s start with the rationale behind three different terms being in circulation: Jira thinks ‘Projects”, while BigPicture thinks ‘Programs’. Organizational Project Management, or OPM, ties these 3Ps – Project, Program, Portfolio – together at the organizational level and helps it move towards its vision. Project vs Program posted by John Spacey, June 22, 2017. Among them are Microsoft Projects, Primavera and Agile project planning. Watch this one-hour webinar to learn what new modules and improvements the Eight delivers. However, you are likely to encounter them in fields as diverse as manufacturing, marketing and retail. Programs in Jira BigPicture are sometimes described as “projects + JQL filters”. Still there are cases when a Program means something very different than a Project, namely several related projects. They think about the structure of the program, organizing the projects within the program, to achieve success. business and technical terminology exists. Program management is one of the pathways that they look at. First, let’s look at how programmes fit into the project/programme/portfolio way of looking at work. It has principle alignment with internationally recognised best-practice reference points – including Prince2 and Managing Successful Programmes … ‘Programme’ is a business term, while ‘Program’ is rather used by Jira project management plugins, such as BigPicture. BigGantt There are some exceptions. Identify Leaders. In many cases the terms overlap to a large extent. Programme and project management principles. Learn a new word every day. Whistleblower changes tune, again, president-elect BigPicture for Trello Managing an initiative as a programme would require a Programme Board and two or more Project Boards. Let teams in your organization enjoy the tools they love, yet keep an eye on the big picture with Gantt charts, Roadmaps, Program Boards that BigPicture has. The approach, tools and techniques used to address each principle should be proportionate to the scale and nature of the programme or project. These projects could have separate goals, teams, tasks, resources and timing, making the projects unrelated. The outcome is the purpose, the need, the objective that needs to be met. This means that in a program you will have multiple projects which are either similar or related to each other.For instance, assuming, you have two projects: the first project is to construct a school building and the second project is to construct an office building. What’s the difference in Jira? The Project (previously The 7PM Project from 2009 to 2011) is an Australian news-current affairs and talk show television panel program, airing weeknights across Australia on Network 10, produced by Roving Enterprises.The show is hosted by Waleed Aly, Carrie Bickmore and Peter Helliar on weekdays and Lisa Wilkinson, Peter van Onselen and Tommy Little on Sunday with rotating daily guest panellists. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. What is a [Box]? You might be handed a program when you enter a theater or ballpark, and it will list the actors or schedule of events, or each team’s roster of players. Pictured is BigPicture program manager. This has the roots in the fact that in BigPicture you can create a program by arbitrarily selecting tasks from various Jira projects using JQL filters. That was the meaning of the Late Latin programma, as well as the French programme. This week it's time to get with the program… Q: Hi AWC, I just checked the mailbox and Caitlin H. is having a bit of an office tussle with “program” vs “programme”. This picture explains the programme structure, with regards to how it fits into the rest of the project management jargon. CEO’s, PM’s, team member’s, admin’s perspective on BigPicture 8. A program is a group of related or similar projects managed in a coordinated way to get the benefits and control not available from managing them individually. They think about the structure of the program, organizing the projects within the program, to achieve success. Programme is a British English spelling variant of program; both refer to an outline in a prescribed order or an agenda, such as a program at a theater. Program Change Management is an Executive Leadership Capability ‘Programme’ is a business term, while ‘Program’ is rather used by Jira project management plugins, such as BigPicture. Approach. Every effort has a planning phase. The programme includes fun activities for both adults and children. Most of these words do not demonstrate the same spelling patterns as program/programme. BigPicture 8 powered by Boxes There is numbers of software that can be utilized to create a work program. According to the Project Management Institute (PMI), a project is a “temporary endeavor taken to create a unique product, service, or result.” A project is typically a team effort designed to achieve a specific objective and has a defined beginning and end. E.g. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. A program will rely more on a rolling plan, as multi-year programs will need to adjust their plans as the business changes. How to run a hybrid project—waterfall and agile. BigPicture: SAFe® configuration Programmes can be part of a portfolio or standalone. BigTemplate The programme is likely to have sub-projects managed as a project portfolio, for example, design and build the product, recruit staff, train staff, market new product, extend related products, etc. Project/Programme Manager 12 Months Manufacturing (Part of HS2) Greater Manchester A … The Project/Programme Manager is required to have the following; Minimum BEng (Hons) in … IMechE, IET, ICE) Project Management qualification (Prince 2/APM) Vast knowledge around … Planning, managing and reporting project tasks and responsibilities. You can consent to all our optional cookies at once, or manage your own preferences. English has a number of other words ending in –gram that derive from graphein, including diagram, epigram, and those words formed with the combining form -gram, such as telegram. … A program will rely more on a rolling plan, as multi-year programs will need to adjust their plans as the business changes. They have predictable and repeatable elements to minimise or even eliminate risks. How to plan work in BigPicture? PM Strategy (Project Manager vs. A program is a long running initiative with broad strategic goals. Program managers are more like architects, involving overall vision made up of function and form. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Dec 2020 Find your local Partner Goals or go-ahead for a new project comes from portfolio decision. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Project or Programme Assurance is a discipline that seeks to provide an independent and objective oversight of the likely future performance of major projects for those responsible for sanctioning, financing or insuring such undertakings. BigPicture 8 has been on the market since September. 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'? ‘Programme’ is a business term, while ‘Program’ is rather used by Jira project management plugins, such as BigPicture. You may need to obtain a positive skills assessment from VETASSESS.. Projects can take many forms from simple fixes / enhancements to existing processes / platforms or the implementation of something new and innovative. Project Management Institute claims that hybrid is the next step, after agile. A project is a singular effect that is focused on a concept or product while a program consists of several projects that fall under the same department. What is a program/programme? Originally, a program was a notice posted in public, such as to indicate the agenda for a meeting. 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'. For the fall 2018 term, the Perth campus will suspend two office administration programs, a social service worker program, a masonry program, and a carpentry and renovation program. In British English, program refers to computer programs and their programming, and programme is used for all other senses of the word.New Zealanders tend to go along with the British distinction, and programme is preferred by government and the media. The programme or project team ('the team') is a group of individuals with appropriate and complementary professional, technical or specialist skills. The integration with Trello arriving in BigPicture 8, paves the way for BP to “umbrella portfolio management” league. Americans do not use 'programme.' Programme vs. (July 2011) Program management or programme management is the process of managing several related projects, often with the intention of improving an organization's performance. — Camilla Tomine and Victoria Ward, The Sydney Morning Herald, 18 Nov. 2019. david on January 25, 2009 6:04 am. Program management is strategic in nature, while project management is tactical in nature. In Australian English, program and programme are both acceptable. That city or region could have a BigPicture program in place with related projects: project 1 – stadiums, project 2 – new roads, project 3 – marketing, etc. Every effort has a planning phase. The following are a few differences between project management and program management: In project management, you manage one project, while in program management you manage multiple projects. More on the new Trello-BigPicture interface. The Difference Between Project Management and Program Management. A programme is much different than a project, and the manager must be able to make the leap from project to programme, if the projects are to be combined successfully into a programme. Which Atlassian tools will together make an orchestra? So, no reference to programs. A program is a collection of projects that need to be managed and coordinated together. — Alison Mah, The Ottawa Citizen, 17 Mar. A programme may comprise projects across different areas of the business. Every project or program has four basic dimensions: Its inherent size, usually measured in terms of value; The degree of technical difficulty in creating the output; The complexity of the relationships (“small p” politics) with the stakeholders; and; The degree of uncertainty involved in the work. They are temporary: Projects and programs are not long term endeavors. All programme/project documents and revisions thereof are required to include a tentative evaluation plan. 5-step workflows for each module: from Gantt chart to Risks, BigPicture It's best we first distinguish between Project and Program. Any organization has … A project refers to a specific, singular endeavour to deliver a tangible output. Privacy Policy / Cookies. However, since these separate terms exist, let’s look closer at how they differ from each other for the remaining 20 per cent of the project management world. A programme is defined as “a group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually”. A television program is one of a series scheduled to run by a network (or nowadays by a streaming service). A project or programme is created due to a specific need to achieve an outcome. Visual Project Management Board. Program managers are more like architects, involving overall vision made up of function and form. More on the new Trello-BigPicture interface. How to have a multi-methodology environment in Jira? People are often confused as to which form to use. You could ask “Can I be so selective and include fragments of projects in a program?”. Programs usually span a far greater duration than a project. Some of these cookies are optional and are only used when you’ve agreed to them. Check out words from the year you were born and more! Łopuszańska 95 The programme would create the new product and also create the organisational unit with on-going operational responsibility for the product. The model described and recommended in this manual is based on the “project/programme cycle”, which depicts the management of an intervention through a sequence of inter - Although the principles of programme management should always apply, a key question for an organization is to decide whether a change should be managed as a programme or a project. Program Managers may be responsible for revenue and costs that are critical to an organization's financial results. Scope, schedule, and resources all apply to both programs and projects although the planning is conducted at different levels. a TV or radio show E.g. WSP has developed a dynamic, flexible, and robust system to help ensure that the overall project and program scope is monitored and executed according to cost and schedule requirements, quality and safety standards, and regulatory requirements. In British English, programme is the preferred spelling, although program is often used in computing contexts.